For many years, there has been a debate over vitamin supplementation for breastfeeding infants. Use of vitamin supplements has fallen in and out of favor. With all the research in the recent years, it has been concluded that most babies do not need any supplementation. This conclusion makes the presumption that the mother is well-nourished and taking vitamin supplementation while lactating. However there are a few exceptions.
Iron
Full term and average weight babies do not need any additional iron supplementation for the first 6 months of life. Premature babies and low birth weight babies will not get their required amount of iron in breast milk alone and therefore, need iron supplements until solid foods are started between 4 and 6 months of age. After 6 months of age, all babies need to be fed other foods besides breast milk. Starter foods should include iron-fortified infant cereal, pureed fruits and vegetables. Additional guidance for feeding your baby solids will be discussed at your baby's 4-month check-up.
Vitamin D
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends Vitamin D supplementation for breastfed babies who have deeply pigmented skin or inadequate sun exposure. Inadequate sun exposure results from the use of sunscreen and living in northern latitudes (i.e. Chicago). Since the AAP recommends sunscreen use in all babies, then all breastfed babies should get the recommended Vitamin D supplement. The dose should be 200-400 IU every day. Over-the-counter infant vitamin drops contain the correct amount when used as directed.
Vitamin B
Vitamin B1, B2, B6, Niacin and Folate are found in adequate amounts in breast milk and supplementation is not required. However, a supplement for vitamin B12 is necessary for the baby of a vegan mother.
